The simulation was conducted in parallel with design engineering completed in 2004. A drive motor is connected to the axle of the load wheel and drives the tire and drum at 60 rpm. In addition to tires, bridgestone manufactures diversified products, which include industrial. Tyre uniformity measuring machines hofmann maschinen. Cn101287589b tire manufacturing method for improving the. The automatic seib uniformity machine for tires andor tire wheel assemblies allows a comprehensive quality evaluation. Liner in tubeless tyres, this is composed of two or more layers of rubber, designed to retain air or liquid under pressure. Any reference to truck tires in this manual includes tires load range f. Five ways to improve tire uniformity at the tire building. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Wheel gauge uniformity and balancing equipment kokusai is pleased to offer one of our latest releases to the industry, our newly redesigned combination wheel gauging and balancing machine. Chemically, a tyre consists of materials form long chain molecules. Increasing first pass yield through the tire building machine by morgan allis uniformity kick outs in department 614 has been an ongoing issue.
Tyre uniformity measurement using latest inmess equipment. The non uniformities of the tire create a wave form of force variations as the tire rotates. Basically a tyre should carry load and transmit forces. The radial run out of a tire would yield appreciable vibration and tyre force. Low speed uniformity testers are only capable of measuring rfv and lfv at rotational speeds around 60rpm 60 rpm on a 29 outside tire diameter 5 mph. Our machines comply with all standards like iso or sae. Nonsteadystate outofplane stringbased tyre models 5. Home complianceonline standards iso ics 83 rubber and plastics industries test methods for measuring tyre uniformity document number. The impact can be on vibration as well as the steering wheel. The tyre uniformity measuring machine rgme can also be incorporated into an automatic tyre classification system atged for the quality testing of car tyres. Bridgestone corporation is the worlds largest tire and rubber company.
Provide the mechanical strength to fit the tire to the wheel. There is considerable disagreement on which tire uniformity parameters are important to vehicle noise and vibration problems, and on how these uniformity parameters should be measured. Pdf the effects of variations in stiffness and geometry on the nonuniformity of tires are. The dynayic behavior tirewheel assemblies thomas d. Aug 16, 2010 uniformity measurement to measure uniformity, tire is mounted on a steel rim, inflatedand loaded against a load wheel. Approach check carcass and belt drums for poor segment alignment. Some other conditions, such as plysteer and conicity are derived from these measurements. Belts in radial tyres stabilizer bias ply belts under the base rubber give added protection to the radial plies underneath and determine the shape of the footprint. Ts testingservice offers state of the art balancing, runout and uniformity production measurement machines. The tyre noise is greater than engine noise in modern car when it was. Uniform tire quality grade treadwear treadwear takes the number 100 as a base performance level, and increments according to the manufacturers estimated service life. Us20140338437a1 tire uniformity through identification of. Tests performed with these machines, which include measurements of force and geometry, have now become a standard in quality assurance as well as development, and are completely accepted in these fields. The other approach involves simply aligning the tire s lightest balance point to the wheels heaviest balance point, called the weight method.
However, being a popular summer tyre from the same manufacturer there are also many similarities. This warranty covers a tire for an excessive vibration or ride disturbance within the first year of the purchase a very rare occurrence. Background during final processing, tire uniformity testing uses key equipment machines to assure tire quality. It is possible for a tire to have more than one outofservice condition. Time histories of tire forces and moments are reduced to harmonics of the wheel rotation rate.
The uniform tire quality grading standards utqgs 575. Uniformity is concerned with axis symmetry of mass distribution, geometry and forces generated when the solid is in motion. One thing that the technician can control is the position starting angle of assembly for each layer going into the tire. Geometry and mechanics of pneumatic tires 2 experiment is a basic element of natural and technical sciences. Inplane vibration and tire force transmissibility owing to tire non. Tire uniformity machine ptue all from a single source. This is the ratio of the tyres crosssection to its width, expressed as a percentage. The tyres are crucial functional elements for the transmission of longitudinal, lateral and vertical forces between the vehicle and road. Job role tyre uniformity operator role description a tyre uniformity operator is responsible for uniformity checks radial and lateral force variation, run out, harmonic analysis and conicity, ply steer, and sidewall bulge and identifying spots for low and high values on tyres. Structurally, a tyre is high performance composite. The objective of this project is to consider alternative methods for measuring tyre rolling resistance. Associated brands tire maintenance, and safety manual. Oe tire suppliers are required to mark a tire s radial runout high point, and oe wheel makers are required to mark a wheels radial runout low point.
Quality control and inspection of tyres linkedin slideshare. Toyo commercial tires combine toptier product performance, application versatility, and a competitive acquisition point for a lower cost per mile, making. This project focuses particularly on testing heavy vehicle tyres under heavy load conditions in the region of 4 tonne. Pdf finite element analysis of nonuniformity of tires with.
Uniformity and noncircularity testing machine developed by qingdao mesnac co. Tire uniformity refers to the dynamic mechanical properties of pneumatic tires as strictly defined. Lack of uniformity in a tyre, when it is rotating around its axis, causes variations of forces, which may vary with the angular speed and are applied to the said axis. Systems and methods for improving tire uniformity include identifying at least one candidate process harmonic and corresponding period. These standards include the parameters of radial force variation, lateral force variation, conicity, plysteer, radial runout, lateral runout, and. Detailed information can be found in our tech article. Optionally an asof merge can perform a groupwise merge. Ing and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at.
Testing force variation at low speeds is similar to the testing of static. Available for download link will be provided in my complianceonline section. Optionally, every variant of the tyre uniformity measuring machine can be equipped with a hofmann geometry measuring system geosls. Tire uniformity test system tmsis tire uniformity test system hsu500 provides the highest quality measurements available in tire uniformity testing for speeds up to 250kmh.
Tire manufacturing method for improving the uniformity of a tire. Geometry and mechanics of pneumatic tires ii preface this text is based on a compiling work written under the same title in 1996. This produces one or two force curves which describe the uniformity of the tire. For example, an rspeed rated tire is designed for maximum speeds of 106 mph. Uniformity pc, light truck and truck and bus tires application.
The percentage of tires that passed uniformity testing the first time, also known as first pass yield, was an area the business center wanted to improve upon. Experience has shown that the problem of bus and truck tyre uniformity is equally important, especially in connection with increased safety and comfort requirements from bus and truck tyres. Tyre uniformity measuring machine type rgme purpose and application the tyre uniformity measuring machines from hofmann are designed for the inproduction quality control of finished tyres. This testing is mainly utilized as a fully automatic online uniformity test examining size deviation, bulge, and depression tests for all kinds of tires, such as radial truck tires, passenger tires, and light truck tires. The solution honeywell model 6443 series load cells are a straingage based transducer with unique features that were designed for use on tire uniformity machines.
Dot markers contain waterremovable inks and are packaged in marker containers for an easy and controlled application. The green tire radial runout is modeled as a vector sum of each of the vectors representing contributions arising from the tire building steps. This ergonomically friendly, technically unique machine is specially designed to assure tire. Five ways to improve tire uniformity at the tire building machine. The hofmann tyre uniformity measuring machines are used for qualitative final inspections of the tyres in the tyre industry. Machines that combine force variation measurement with dynamic balance. Measure the radial runout of the tire and wheel assembly to verify it is within specification. The technician has little control in what causes the particular bumps or non uniformity in the layers that go into building the tire. Customized uniformity, balancing and runout testing according to the tire manufacturers internal test standards. It is main y applied for fuly auto online uniformity test, size deviation and bulge and depression test for radial truck tire, passenger tire and light truck tire. Comparison with experimental data for a car tyre and for a truck tyre 5.
Vehicle handling becomes difficult at high speed due to tire abnormality severe market competition in car market. The tyre and automobile industries have been successfully using test machines for measuring tyre uniformity for many years. System to help detect potential tire uniformity causes of vibration that are not balancerelated. For each row in the left dataframe, we select the last row in the right dataframe whose on key is less than the lefts key. Standard test method for electrical resistance of tires. Reifengleichformigkeit engl tire uniformity bezeichnet bestimmte dynamisch mechanische. Truck and bus tire uniformity machine fd90 the fd90 truck and bus tire uniformity machine is the industrys benchmark for uniformity measurement accuracy, speed and reliability. He is also responsible for marking on tyres which are out of. Tire testing machines uniformity tbr ltr pcr page 6 functional principle. Just like a tire can have a stiff spot, tires can have heavy spots. If the page youre looking for isnt listed below, try searching for it on xpos sharepoint site. This paper describes an experiment where a series of experimental truck tyres were produced with builtin defects in the casing and tread area. Consequently, the two sizes have a different structure as they will withstand different loads and pressures, and in any case an implement tyre, having speed symbol a8 or b, is not subject to any drum test, but just to burst test.
The production of tire uniformity testing machines can be equipped with 800mm and 1600mm horizontal drum depending on the customers demands. Pdf uniformity of twophase flow distribution in curved. Your tyres sidewall contains all the information about your tyre that youll need. Heres a little guide to what all those numbers and letters mean. Chapter 1 presents a background to the rolling resistance phenomenon and explains the importance of. To be eligible for a claim, a tire has to have an unusual condition that wasnt caused by a mechanical vehicle issue or lack of maintenance. The tyre properties should be as constant as possible and hence predictable by the driver. Factors influencing the measurement of tire uniformity 650734 tire nonuniformities are a major source of vibration problems in vehicles. Factors influencing the measurement of tire uniformity.
The fd90 truck and bus tire uniformity machine is the industrys benchmark for uniformity measurement accuracy, speed and reliability. I also hereby certify that i am the original purchaser of the product described and that the product was not involved in any accident, personal injury, property damage or other loss. Tire manufacturer simulates final finish modernization plan. Tire uniformity refers to the dynamic mechanical properties of pneumatic tires as strictly defined by a set of measurement standards and test conditions accepted by global tire and car makers. In order to evaluate tire uniformity, a threedimensional finite element model of the tire. Tyre manufacturers use uniformity measurement machines to control 100% of the tyres in regards to radial and lateral forces, conicity and ply steer. This system utilizes a road roller which applies up to 1,400 pounds 635 kg of force against the wheel and tire assembly to measure their combined uniformity. Comparative grade designations for treadwear, traction and temperature for all passenger car tires, except deep tread, wintertype snow tires.
They can be in the tread center or side or in either or both sidewalls. This new system is equipped with sensors that detect the wheel and locate the angle of the valve hole, reporting all aspects of balance and uniformity with. The invention relates to methods for improving vehicle steering performance and robustness of that performance through control of nonuniformities in the vehicles tires, wheels and tirewheel assemblies as a way to overcome the tendency of many vehicle types to undergo steering performance loss. These standards include the parameters of radial force variation, lateral force variation, conicity, plysteer, radial runout, lateral runout, and sidewall bulge. Pdf theory and practice of mergers and acquisitions. The purpose of this manual is to provide both the tire service professional and end user driver with an understanding of the many factors that are essential to the proper care and service of truck and bus tires. The umtri tirewheel uniformity machine is a special device developed to measure tire andor tire and wheel imbalances and nonuniformities as they affect vertical, longitudinal, and lateral forces and aligning and overturning moments of truck tires. When performing uniformity matchmounting, the red mark on the tire, indicating the point of maximum radial force variation, should be aligned with the wheel assemblys point of minimum radial runout, which is generally indicated by a colored dot or a notch somewhere on the wheel assembly consult manufacturer for details. The beads fix the tyre to the rim to support the load. The study was begun from analyzing mal uniformity of phase distribution along merge pipe distributor, in which it was simplified to two dimensional on centr e plane devising distributor two part. Geometrically tyre is a torus, mechanically, a tyre is a flexible, high pressure container.
This responsibility is backed by legal obligations concerning not only the condition of the tyre but also the processes and procedures in place to ensure that tyres in use are fit for purpose at all times. Note lack of uniformity around a tyre produces variations in forces applied by the tyre to the vehicle and this influence is repeated with each revolution of the. Liner in tubeless tyres, this is composed of two or more layers of. Why uniformity vehicle manufacturers are far ahead of us in development they find out vehicles misbehaves due to tire abnormality various kind of vibrations are created due to abnormality in tire. A tire manufacturing method includes a method for optimizing the uniformity of a tire by reducing the green tire radial runout. Standard testing and oem testing according to the test procedures of the automotive companies. On the exterior of the tire, mark the final disposition based on your inspection for example, repair, retread, scrap, etc.
Pdf table of contents tire uniformity what is tire. The width of your tyre, in millimetres, measured from sidewall to sidewall. Us6672148b2 method of improving steering performance. The frequency variation of driving point mobility with rolling speed for radial ply passenger car tire. Those parameters can have a negative impact on the behaviour of the car. In addition to tires, bridgestone manufactures diversified products, which include industrial rubber and chemical products as well as sporting goods. In an effort to consolidate our intranets and save money, merge is now a collection of the most popular links from the site. But as i am still regularly reading two journals on tires. The force may be measured in the radial direction, in the axial direction, or both. The tread of a tire with a treadwear factor of 300 can be expected to last three times longer than one marked 100 in comparable usage conditions. Its reproducibility and repeatability assures the objectivity of science. The hsu500 utilizes tmsis patented dynamic force measurement system us patent no. A set of vector coefficients is generated from the vector equation. Furthermore, relative and qualitative comparisons between results should still be valid.